Environment, Agriculture & Natural ResourcesEnvironmental issues are becoming increasingly important in Botswana’s development. These include the impact of climate change, the green economy, the conservation of water resources, and forms of electricity generation (e.g. coal vs solar). There are also important issues related to the exploitation of mineral resources and resource governance, as well as the use of land, and at sectoral level, agriculture is crucial to livelihoods and also has many environmental angles. This research focus area has three research themes: Environmental Sustainability; Agriculture; and Natural Resources.http://knowledge.bidpa.bw:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/12024-03-29T16:02:43Z2024-03-29T16:02:43ZPredictors of Human-Wildlife FatalitiesGaodirelwe, IkanyengMasole, CharityBlackie, Israel R.http://knowledge.bidpa.bw:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1702023-03-27T15:26:43Z2022-10-01T00:00:00ZPredictors of Human-Wildlife Fatalities
Gaodirelwe, Ikanyeng; Masole, Charity; Blackie, Israel R.
ABSTRACT
The paper investigates predictors of the increased probability of Human-Wildlife
Conflict (HWC) fatalities from attacks on humans. The study uses data from 137 HWC
victims in the six wildlife districts of Botswana. A logistic regression model is used to
assess demographic, ecological/environmental and geographic predictors of increased
probability of fatality. Findings reveal that older victims, winter season, Ngamiland
Wildlife district, elephants and distant health facilities present an increased probability
of human fatality from animal attacks. In conclusion, several predictors from different
aspects contribute to increased probability of fatality in the event of attacks. Therefore,
there is need for a holistic approach to reduce HWC fatalities. We recommend that
seasonality of HWC attacks on humans should be considered when deploying resources
to mitigate against. Further, there is need for the formulation and development of the
HWC policy which will guide HWC related issues, holistically.
The series comprises of papers that reflect work in progress or limited research efforts,
which may be of interest to researchers and policy makers, or of a public education
character. Working papers may already have been published elsewhere or may appear in
other publications.
2022-10-01T00:00:00ZUntitledBlackie, Israel R.http://knowledge.bidpa.bw:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1662021-09-13T11:49:16Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZBlackie, Israel R.
This brief is based on a national tracer study covering 66 villages in Botswana. The main aim of the study was to ascertain the magnitude and social impacts of human-wildlife conflict (HWC) on victims and their families. in addition, the study sought to assess the relevance and effectiveness of the ex gratia compensation scheme to victims of wild animals' attack which was introduced in 2015. The key findings reveal that local people exposed to life threatening wildlife attacks express fear and animosity towards wild animals, and also feel rejected and disappointed from a fragmented government service delivery system....
2020-01-01T00:00:00ZHow Non-Diamond Exports Respond to Exchange Rate Volatility in BotswanaMotsatsi, Johanehttp://knowledge.bidpa.bw:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1592021-09-10T15:02:24Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZHow Non-Diamond Exports Respond to Exchange Rate Volatility in Botswana
Motsatsi, Johane
This paper estimates the impact of exchange rate volatility on non-diamond exports
in Botswana using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The model
used quarterly data for the period 1995-2018, to estimate both the long and short run
dynamics. The estimated results show that real GDP in the non-diamond sector, GDP
growth of OECD countries, transport investment and water & electricity investment
have a positive impact on non-diamond exports. While the lending interest rate, inflation
differentials, exchange rate volatility and misalignment impact non-diamond exports
negatively. The findings indicate that the coefficients with respect to the exchange rate
volatility in both models are relatively low, suggesting that it has not had harmful impacts
on non-diamond exports. This reflects the emphasis given to a stable and competitive
exchange rate that will attract increased foreign demand which, as a result, could lead to
export diversification. However, Botswana’s export structure is still undiversified, despite
efforts made to diversify the sector. To achieve the national objectives of sustainable
export and economic diversification, the policy should continue encouraging a stable
and competitive exchange rate. Other policies intended to boost export growth should
focus on: expanding the production base of the non-diamond sector, committing more
investment in the transport sector, and improving water & electricity infrastructure.
The series comprises of papers which reflect work in progress, which may be of interest
to researchers and policy makers, or of a public education character. Working papers
may already have been published elsewhere or may appear in other publications.
2020-01-01T00:00:00ZMale-Female Wage Differentials in BotswanaMotswapong, Masedihttp://knowledge.bidpa.bw:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1582021-09-10T14:51:01Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZMale-Female Wage Differentials in Botswana
Motswapong, Masedi
This paper examines the wage differential between males and females in Botswana. It uses two
methods; the quantile regression model and the unconditional quantile decomposition method.
Using the quantile regression models, the paper demonstrates that returns to education are
significantly different between males and females. Private returns to education for both tend
to increase as we move up the education level and from lower part of the wage distribution
(10th percentile) to higher parts with females getting higher returns. Furthermore, applying the
unconditional quantile decomposition regression model, there is evidence that females are paid
less than their male counterparts throughout the wage distribution and the gap increases as we
move from lower levels to higher levels. Results show that there is no evidence of the “sticky
floor” effect and there is the “glass ceiling” effect in our labour market implying that there may
be few females in leadership positions(high paying jobs), hence there is a ‘ceiling’ on their wages.
The policy implications of the study are that continuing to invest in human capital development is crucial for Botswana and there is also a need to value females’ work and attract males in
highly feminised sectors.
The series comprises of papers which reflect work in progress, which may be of interest
to researchers and policy makers, or of a public education character. Working papers
may already have been published elsewhere or may appear in other publications.
2020-01-01T00:00:00Z